Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

Parkinson's disease is a neurodegenerative disorder that predominately affects the dopamine-producing ("dopaminergic") neurons in the brain. Symptoms generally develop slowly over years, and the progression of symptoms is different from one person to another.

People with PD may experience tremor, slowness of movement, limb stiffness and gait and balance problems. In addition to movement-related symptoms, people with PD may also experience non-movement symptoms such as depression, anxiety, sleep disorders and thinking issues.

Although there is no cure, treatment options vary and include medications, lifestyle adjustments and surgery. It is possible to have a good-to-great quality of life with PD.

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Parkinson's is caused by a combination of genes, environmental and lifestyle influences. All people with PD experience the loss of dopaminergic neurons (these regulate movement and play a key role in Parkinson's progression) in the brain.

Genetics cause about 10 to 15% of all Parkinson's. Scientists have studied DNA from people with Parkinson's, comparing their genes, and discovered dozens of gene mutations linked to Parkinson's.

Some environmental exposures may lower the risk of PD, while others may increase it. Environmental risk factors associated with PD include head injury, area of residence, exposure to pesticides and more.

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Scientists believe a combination of genetic and environmental factors determine if, and when, a person may develop Parkinson's disease. The extent to which each factor is involved varies from person to person.

Genetics:

Genetics cause about 10 to 15% of all Parkinson's. Most people with Parkinson's have no known genetic variant contributing to their PD. In around 10% if people with Parkinson's, the disease is caused by an inherited genetic variant and can affect multiple family members.

Family members of those with PD have an increased risk of developing Parkinson's — about a 2% chance versus a 1% chance for those without a relative with PD.

Environmental factors:

• Head Injury: Traumatic brain injury has been associated with an increased risk of developing PD years after the injury.

• Area of Residence: There are differences in the geographic distribution of PD, which could be due to differences in environmental and genetic risk factors.

• Occupation: Certain occupational categories or job titles have been associated with a higher incidence of PD, but results have been inconsistent.

• Pesticide and Herbicide Exposure: A strong link has been shown between PD and exposure to pesticides and herbicides.

Other risk factors:

• Age: The largest risk factor for developing PD. About 1% of people over age 60 have PD.

• Gender: PD is more common in men than in women.

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Most cases of Parkinson's disease are not hereditary. While dozens of gene changes have been linked to Parkinson's, the disease is rarely passed from generation to generation. Even if a person carries a gene change associated with Parkinson's, they may never develop the disease.

Most people with Parkinson's (85 to 90%) have no known genetic variant contributing to their PD. This means it is unlikely they will "pass on" a genetic risk for Parkinson's to their children through their DNA.

In a small number of people with PD (around 10%), Parkinson's is caused by an inherited genetic variant and can affect multiple family members. Their children may have a higher risk of developing Parkinson's if they inherit the genetic variant.

Family members of those with PD have an increased risk of developing Parkinson's — about a 2% chance versus a 1% chance for those without a relative with PD.

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While Parkinson's disease itself is not fatal, disease complications can be serious. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) rated complications from PD as the 14th highest cause of death in the U.S.

It is possible to have a good-to-great quality of life with PD. Working with your doctor and following recommended therapies are essential in successfully treating symptoms.

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There is currently no cure for Parkinson’s disease. Treatment options vary and include medications, lifestyle adjustments and surgery. PD therapies can improve symptoms but do not slow or halt the disease progression.

Research supported by the Parkinson's Foundation has led to breakthroughs in treatment and improved care that bring hope to the Parkinson's community. Scientists are exploring ways to identify biomarkers for PD that can lead to earlier diagnosis and more tailored treatments to slow down disease progression.

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Around 1.1 million people in the U.S. are living with Parkinson's disease. This number is expected to rise to 1.2 million by 2030. Parkinson's is the second-most common neurodegenerative disease after Alzheimer's disease.

An estimated 90,000 people in the U.S. are diagnosed with PD each year. More than 10 million people worldwide are estimated to be living with PD.

The incidence of Parkinson's disease increases with age, but an estimated 4% of people with PD are diagnosed before age 50. Men are 1.5 times more likely to have Parkinson's disease than women.

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Early-onset Parkinson's disease (EOPD), which can also be referred to as Young-onset Parkinson's disease (YOPD) occurs in people younger than 50 years of age. Most people with idiopathic, or typical, PD develop symptoms at 50 years of age or older.

YOPD affects about 4% of the 1.1 million people with PD in the U.S. Symptoms are similar to late onset PD but it is important to understand the challenges YOPD individuals often face at a financial, family and employment level.

People diagnosed with YOPD have a more frequent family history of Parkinson's disease and a longer survival. People living with young-onset PD may experience:

• Slower progression of PD symptoms over time, staying functional and cognitively intact for longer duration

• Less frequent cognitive problems such as dementia

• More side effects from dopaminergic medications, such as more frequent dyskinesias (involuntary body movements)

• Earlier and more frequent dystonias (cramping and abnormal postures) such as arching of the foot

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Dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) is a progressive brain disorder. Approximately 1.4 million people in the U.S. are estimated to live with DLB. Together with Parkinson's disease dementia, it is the second-most common type of neurodegenerative dementia, after Alzheimer's disease.

DLB is diagnosed when cognitive decline (thinking changes) is an early symptom, occurring before or within a year of the onset of movement symptoms. DLB can cause confusion, alter the way a person thinks and behaves and impact movement and memory.

The protein alpha-synuclein is involved in both DLB and Parkinson's disease. In these diseases, damaged alpha-synuclein folds into an irregular shape and forms toxic clumps — known as Lewy bodies — that alter the way brain cells work. Because of this, both dementia with Lewy bodies and Parkinson's disease are sometimes referred to as Lewy body diseases. When a person lives with dementia with Lewy bodies, they can experience many of the same symptoms as someone with Parkinson's disease. Due to this overlap, many people with DLB are initially diagnosed with PD.

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It can be hard to tell if you or a loved one has Parkinson's disease. Below are 10 signs that you might have the disease. No single one of these signs means that you should worry, but if you have more than one sign you should consider making an appointment to talk to your doctor.

1. Tremor: A tremor while at rest is a common early sign.

2. Small Handwriting: A change in handwriting, called micrographia.

3. Loss of Smell: If you seem to have more trouble smelling certain foods, you should ask your doctor about Parkinson's.

4. Trouble Sleeping: Sudden movements during sleep.

5. Trouble Moving or Walking: Stiffness that does not go away as you move.

6. Constipation: Straining to move your bowels.

7. A Soft or Low Voice: If there has been a change in your voice you should see your doctor about whether it could be Parkinson's.

8. Masked Face: If you have been told that you have a serious, depressed or angry look on your face, even when you are not in a bad mood, ask your doctor about Parkinson's disease.

9. Dizziness or Fainting: Feeling dizzy or fainting can be a sign of low blood pressure and can be linked to Parkinson's.

10. Stooping or Hunching Over: Stooping, leaning or slouching when you stand.

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Parkinson's disease is called a movement disorder because of the tremors, slowing and stiffening movements it can cause, which are the most obvious symptoms of the disease. However, Parkinson's affects many systems in the body. Its symptoms are different from person to person and usually develop slowly over time.

Movement symptoms
There is no single test or scan for Parkinson's, but there are three telltale symptoms that help doctors make a diagnosis:

• Bradykinesia (slowness of movement)

• Tremor

• Rigidity

Bradykinesia plus either tremor or rigidity must be present for a PD diagnosis to be considered.

Most people develop other health problems related to Parkinson's known as Non-movement (or non-motor) symptoms. They are common and can be more troublesome and disabling than movement symptoms. Some symptoms, such as loss of smell, constipation, depression and REM sleep behavior disorder (RBD) can occur years before the diagnosis of PD.

Learn more about movement and non-movement symptoms.

In addition to movement symptoms, most people develop other health problems related to Parkinson's. These symptoms are diverse and known as non-movement (or non-motor) symptoms.

Non-movement symptoms are common and can be more troublesome and disabling than movement symptoms. Some symptoms, such as loss of smell, constipation, depression and REM sleep behavior disorder (RBD) can occur years before the diagnosis of PD.

Non-movement symptoms include:

• Mental health: Depression, anxiety and apathy

• Thinking changes: Cognitive changes, dementia and hallucinations/delusions

• General well-being: Fatigue, pain, sleep disorders, breathing difficulties and speech and swallowing issues

• Digestive issues: Constipation and nausea, bladder issues and weight management

• Sensory issues: Loss of smell, skeletal and bone health, skin changes, vertigo and dizziness and vision changes

Recognizing and addressing non-movement symptoms is important. Always bring symptoms up to your healthcare team, as most are treatable.

Learn more about movement and non-movement symptoms.

Parkinson's disease impacts people in different ways. Not everyone will experience all the symptoms of PD; even if people do, they won't necessarily experience the symptoms in quite the same order or at the same intensity.

While symptoms and disease progression are unique to each person, knowing the typical stages of Parkinson's can help you cope with changes as they occur. Some people experience the changes over 20 years or more. Others find the disease progresses more quickly.

In 1967, Hoehn & Yahr defined five stages of PD based on the level of clinical disability. On this scale, stages 1 and 2 represent early-stage, 2 and 3 mid-stage, and 4 and 5 advanced-stage PD.

• Stage One: Mild symptoms that generally do not interfere with daily activities. Tremor and other movement symptoms occur on one side of the body only.

• Stage Two: Symptoms start getting worse. Tremor, rigidity and other movement symptoms affect both sides of the body. The person is able to live alone, but daily tasks are more difficult and lengthier.

• Stage Three: Considered mid-stage, loss of balance is the hallmark. Falls are more common. The person is still physically capable of leading an independent life. Disability is mild to moderate at this stage.

• Stage Four: Symptoms are fully developed and severely disabling. The person is still able to walk and stand without assistance but needs significant help with activities of daily living and is unable to live alone.

• Stage Five: This is the most advanced and debilitating stage. Stiffness in the legs may make it impossible to stand or walk. The person is bedridden or confined to a wheelchair unless aided. Around-the-clock care is required for all activities.

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It is difficult to accurately predict the progression of Parkinson's disease. Following a diagnosis, many people experience a good response to medications, such as levodopa. This optimal timeframe can last many years and varies for everyone.

However, as the disease progresses, people with Parkinson's often need to work with their doctor to adjust levodopa dosages. In this timeframe, they may experience new or worsening movement symptoms and fluctuations, levodopa-induced dyskinesia, swallowing problems, freezing of gait, falls and imbalance.

People with young-onset PD are more prone to levodopa-induced dyskinesia and changes in movement (called motor fluctuations), while those diagnosed later in age may experience more cognitive changes and non-movement symptoms.

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Most people living with Parkinson’s disease have a life expectancy that is nearly identical to those in the general population, especially with current treatments and expert care. Parkinson’s itself is not considered fatal, but serious complications from advancing symptoms, such as falls, can impact health.

Parkinson's disease is a "clinical" diagnosis. This means that an individual's history, symptoms and physical exam are used to make the diagnosis. There is not a specific test that can diagnose PD. However, certain tests such as magnetic resonance imaging of the brain (MRI brain), a dopamine transporter scan (DaT scan), or blood work can be used to support the diagnosis of PD or to rule out other medical conditions that can mimic PD.

Making an accurate diagnosis of Parkinson's, particularly in its early stages, can be difficult. Often, an internist or family physician is the first to make a diagnosis. Many people may seek an additional opinion from a movement disorders specialist — a neurologist with experience and specific training in the assessment and treatment of PD and related disorders.

To consider a diagnosis of Parkinson's disease, a person must have bradykinesia (slowness of movement) and one or more of the following:

• Shaking or tremor in a limb that occurs while it is at rest

• Stiffness or rigidity of the arms, legs, or trunk

• Trouble with balance and falls

The first and most important diagnostic tool for Parkinson's is a medical history and physical examination conducted by a neurologist.

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For some, a Parkinson's disease diagnosis comes as a relief and an explanation for previously unexplained symptoms. Others may be stunned, struggling with what the future may look like. As you begin processing your emotions, which can be wide-ranging, it's important to know you are not alone.

The Parkinson's Foundation is here for you at every stage of your journey. We offer the community, resources and advice to support you — and your family — as you begin to build a better life with Parkinson's disease.

Here are three key resources to get started:

1. 5 Steps to Living Well — Taking control of the things you can will minimize stress and improve well-being. These five steps, in any order, can help you begin to live well with PD.

2. Helpline — Contact our Helpline at 1-800-4PD-INFO (1-800-473-4636) or Helpline@Parkinson.org for answers to your Parkinson's questions, in English or Spanish.

3. Newly Diagnosed Guide — Designed to help people with Parkinson's and their loved ones get started on their PD journey, learn more about PD and prepare for a doctor's appointment.

Learn more.

Often, an internist or family physician is the first to make a diagnosis. Many people may seek an additional opinion from a movement disorders specialist. A movement disorders specialist is a neurologist with experience and specific training in the assessment and treatment of Parkinson’s disease and related disorders.

People living with Parkinson's benefit most from a comprehensive, team-based healthcare approach. Having a group of medically diverse experts effectively managing your PD symptoms can maximize your quality of life. Members of a Parkinson's care team may include:

• Movement Disorders Specialist: Neurologists who specialize in conditions such as Parkinson's disease and have experience treating it at every stage. The Parkinson's Foundation recommends that people diagnosed with PD make a movement disorders doctor your regular PD doctor.

• Speech-Language Pathologist: Assesses and treats communication, speech and swallowing problems.

• Physical Therapist: Helps people living with PD maintain or regain mobility, addressing walking, balance, posture, flexibility and strength challenges.

• Occupational Therapist: Helps change your home or work environment and approach to tasks to meet any PD-related challenges.

• Social Worker: Offers counseling services and can help sort out insurance, housing and disability issues.

• Nutritionist: Suggests optimal foods to help you continue to live well with Parkinson's.

Learn more about Getting Diagnosed and Finding Care.

Movement disorders specialists are neurologists who specialize in conditions such as Parkinson's disease and have experience treating it at every stage. The Parkinson's Foundation recommends that people diagnosed with PD make a movement disorders doctor your regular PD doctor.

Both general neurologists and movement disorders specialists care for people living with Parkinson's. However, most general neurologists have diverse practices, of which PD represents only a small percentage. A movement disorders specialist will be more familiar with the range of available Parkinson's medications, how they work and possible side effects, and is more likely to help you build your care team and connect you with local support groups and resources.

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There is no one-size-fits-all treatment for Parkinson's disease. Treatment is tailored to your symptoms via a shared decision-making process with your PF doctor.

Treatment may include:

• Activities you do yourself, such as exercise.

• Things that you do with oversight, such as physical therapy, occupational therapy and speech or talk therapy.

• Medications that address movement and non-movement symptoms such as constipation, urinary dysfunction and sleep issues. Many medications are available to treat symptoms, though none slow the disease, yet. People with PD often take multiple medications to manage symptoms.

The treatment of Parkinson's is often most effective via a team approach with the person with PD at the center and incorporation of your care partner, PD doctor, therapists and other specialists who know Parkinson's.

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Yes. Non-drug therapies play an important role in managing Parkinson's disease. These include:

• Exercise: For people with PD, exercise is a vital component to maintaining activities of daily living. Research shows that exercise helps maintain and improve mobility, flexibility and balance but also ease non-motor PD symptoms such as depression or constipation. People with PD who start exercising earlier in their disease course for a minimum of 2.5 hours per week experience a slowed decline in quality of life.

• Physical therapy: Helps people with PD keep moving well, as long as possible, while enhancing the ability to move. Research shows that physical therapy — including gait and balance training, resistance training and regular exercise — may help improve or hold PD symptoms at bay.

• Occupational therapy: Helps people with PD continue the activities that make life meaningful and focuses on remaining independent — whether in work, hobbies, social life or in daily activities.

• Speech therapy: Evaluates speech, voice, communication, swallowing and memory/thinking function and establishes a treatment plan consistent with personal goals.

• Complementary therapies: Complementary therapies can support traditional medicine. These may include vitamins and supplements, acupuncture, massage therapy and changes to diet. Discuss these therapies with your doctor before starting them to avoid potentially dangerous interactions.

Learn more about treatment options.

Yes. For people with PD, exercise is a vital component to maintaining activities of daily living. Exercise helps maintain and improve mobility, flexibility and balance but also eases non-motor PD symptoms such as depression or constipation.

Research has shown that exercise can improve gait, balance, tremor, flexibility, grip strength and motor coordination. Exercise may also improve cognition, depression and fatigue.

Exercise also has the potential to have a neuroprotective effect — meaning it may help protect the brain by helping maintain old connections, form new ones and restore lost ones.

Research also shows that people with PD who start exercising earlier in their disease course for a minimum of 2.5 hours per week experience a slowed decline in quality of life compared to those who start later. Establishing early exercise habits is essential to overall disease management.

Learn more.

The Parkinson’s Foundation Helpline can help you find exercise classes and wellness programs in your area.

Helpline specialists can connect you with local resources tailored to people living with Parkinson’s, care partners and family members.

Contact the Helpline at 1-800-4PD-INFO (1-800-473-4636) or Helpline@Parkinson.org.

People with Parkinson's disease are at a higher risk of hospitalization and face many challenges while in the hospital. It is important for all people with Parkinson's to be aware of the risks, prepare ahead of time and know how to advocate for their needs while in the hospital.

PD symptom management can be especially tricky in the hospital because people often do not get enough movement opportunities, Parkinson's medications may not be given following the at-home schedule, medications that worsen PD are sometimes prescribed, and PD medication doses are often delayed or missed.

The Parkinson's Foundation Hospital Safety Guide is a resource with useful tools and information to prepare for and navigate a hospital stay — planned or unplanned. It is available at no cost to order or download. Download the guide now.

The guide includes a:

• Medical Alert Card: Fill in your card with emergency contact information and place it in your wallet.

• Medication Form: Complete this form every time your medication routine changes and keep copies for use at the hospital.

• Parkinson's Care Summary for Health Professionals: Share this summary with hospital staff to ensure they know what you need.

• Step-by-Step Hospital Planner: Review this planner before you need it — when it comes to hospital safety, planning is best.

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Healthcare appointments for Parkinson's disease can feel overwhelming. Advocating for yourself will help you make the most of your PD appointments.

Start to prepare before your appointment with these steps:

• Think about how Parkinson's affects your life. What symptoms bother you most? Think about how often you notice them and the effect on your daily life. Keep track of symptoms using a journal, calendar or smartphone app.

• Write down your top three discussion topics. What is most important to discuss with your healthcare team right now — what is affecting your daily life, what needs to be addressed as soon as possible, and what matters most to you.

• Make a medication list. List all medications, vitamins and supplements you currently take, even those that are not PD-related. Include dosage, when you take it, and any notes such as side effects or if medications are not lasting as long as they used to.

• Bring someone you trust. If you can, take someone you trust with you to your appointment. They can help you take notes, offer another perspective and help review your follow-up steps.

• Learn about Parkinson's. Focus first on current symptoms or concerns. Learning about Parkinson's can also help you communicate with your healthcare team.

Use the Steps to Prepare for a Parkinson's Appointment worksheet for a step-by-step guide to choosing your top three appointment topics.

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Parkinson's disease is a progressive disease, meaning that it changes over time. Your role as a care partner and your level of involvement will also evolve along the way. Remember, care is not limited to physical tasks. Care can be emotional and spiritual as well as physical.

Build your PD knowledge base. Learn about the disease early on so you can participate in healthcare discussions, make informed decisions and provide emotional and physical support now and as needed in the future. The Parkinson's Foundation Care Partner Guide, educational materials and PD Library are great places to start.

Find a support group. In addition to providing a comfortable environment for asking questions and sharing experiences, support groups can lead to lasting friendships. Contact our Helpline at 1-800-4PD-INFO (1-800-473-4636) to find one near you.

Encourage exercise. Research shows that people who begin regular exercise early in the disease experience a slower decline in quality of life.

Take care of yourself. Making sure to take care of yourself can help create a productive partnership that minimizes stress and conflict. A strong support network is essential for your well-being as a care partner and the person with Parkinson's.

Learn more.

There are limitations to what you can do if you live far away from your loved one with Parkinson’s, but there are still many ways you can help.

Stay well-versed in the needs and status of the person with Parkinson's. Learn about his or her general health and all medications taken. Keep a list of your loved one's doctors, specialists, pharmacist, care providers and neighbors along with contact information. Communicate regularly with the person with Parkinson's and his or her local care providers.

Other ways to help from a distance include:

• Call every week. Set a designated day and time and make the call faithfully. Consider using FaceTime or another video call service.

• Talk finances. Offer to buy groceries online, medical products, help with household utility bills, transportation costs, housecleaning or yard services.

• Visit. Budget funds for regular trips and plan with the primary caregiver to provide them with respite. Try to visit when your loved one sees their neurologist so you can attend the appointment.

• Provide respite. Help the primary care partner. If filling in is not possible, offer to pay for a stay in an extended care facility.

Learn more.

Hospital stays can be stressful, especially with Parkinson's disease, which often involves managing complex symptoms and timely medication schedules. While in the hospital, your loved one with Parkinson's may be unable to communicate as well as usual. As a care partner, try to ensure that you or someone you trust is with your loved one to help listen to treatment instructions, make sure their medication schedule is being followed and help communicate their needs.

Have a plan and talk with family and friends about this before an emergency situation occurs. For the care partner to successfully support and advocate for a loved one in the hospital, be sure that any required documents are signed in advance to ensure you can speak on their behalf:

• A HIPAA Waiver is a legal document that will allow your hospital care partner to access your medical information.

• A Medical Power of Attorney is a legal form prepared by an attorney in advance of a health crisis. It allows you to appoint an "agent" to access your medical records, speak to healthcare professionals about your care and make medical decisions on your behalf if you are unable to do so.

The Parkinson's Foundation Hospital Safety Guide includes items to prepare you and your loved one with Parkinson's for a planned or emergency hospital visit, as well as information and reminders for hospital staff. Download the guide now.

Learn more.

The Parkinson's Foundation Helpline is a toll-free number for people with Parkinson's disease, their families, friends and healthcare professionals to connect with a PD information specialist. The Helpline is at the heart of our mission to make life better for people living with PD.

Our Helpline is answered by PD information specialists who are skilled in providing the right information at the right time.

Contact the Helpline at 1-800-4PD-INFO (1-800-473-4636) or Helpline@Parkinson.org, Monday through Friday from 9 a.m. to 7 p.m. ET.

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The Parkinson's Foundation Helpline can help with a wide range of questions and needs related to Parkinson’s disease, including:

• Answer PD questions — PD diagnosis, treatment, daily living, caregiver concerns, research, clinical trials, advanced Parkinson's and more

• Referrals to health professionals and community resources for local support

• Customized information packets — digital or print versions of our resources including books, fact sheets and links to educational and local programs

• Financial assistance referrals — while the Foundation does not give financial aid, our specialists can refer you to organizations that may help with financial assistance for medication, transportation, basic needs and respite care

Our specialists can also provide referrals to health professionals trained in PD, along with support groups and PD-tailored exercise and wellness classes in your area.

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Anyone can call the Parkinson's Foundation Helpline — people with Parkinson's, their families, friends and healthcare professionals.

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There are three ways to get in touch:

• Call us at 1-800-4PD-INFO (1-800-473-4636), Monday through Friday from 9 a.m. to 7 p.m. ET.

• Email us any time at Helpline@Parkinson.org.

• Use our online form to ask a question or let us know how we can help.

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Yes. The Parkinson's Foundation Helpline is a toll-free number available to everyone in the Parkinson's community at no cost.

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The Parkinson's Foundation Helpline can assist you in English and Spanish.

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The Parkinson's Foundation offers several ways to find local resources:

• In Your Area: Search for local resources such as health professionals, medical centers, support groups, exercise classes and more.

• Find Your Chapter: Connect with your nearest Parkinson's Foundation chapter for local programs, support groups and events.

• Contact the Helpline: Call 1-800-4PD-INFO (1-800-473-4636) or email Helpline@Parkinson.org. Our specialists can search the Parkinson's Foundation database and provide you with referrals to health professionals trained in PD, along with support groups and PD-tailored exercise and wellness classes in your area.

The Parkinson's Foundation offers several ways to connect with others living with Parkinson's disease:

• Support groups: Support groups provide a comfortable environment for asking questions and sharing experiences and can lead to lasting friendships. Contact our Helpline at 1-800-4PD-INFO (1-800-473-4636) to find one near you.

• Find Your Chapter: Connect with your nearest Parkinson's Foundation chapter for local programs, support groups and events.

• In Your Area: Search for local resources near you.

• PD Conversations: Join our online community of people living with PD, care partners and people who are newly diagnosed to ask questions, share experiences and find support.

Yes. The Parkinson's Foundation offers local events and programs across the country through its chapter network, as well as virtual options.

Through Parkinson's Foundation Chapters, people with Parkinson's and their care partners have access to local resources and services such as support groups, health and wellness classes and education programs. Virtual educational and wellness programs are also available through PD Health @ Home.

• Find Your Chapter: Find your nearest local chapter for programs and events in your area.

• In Your Area: Search for local resources, support groups and events near you.

• Events: Browse upcoming Parkinson's Foundation events.

You can also contact the Helpline at 1-800-4PD-INFO (1-800-473-4636) for personalized help finding local support groups, events and specialists in your area.

You can find a Parkinson's Foundation Center of Excellence (a medical center where staff has experience treating Parkinson’s) or specialist near you in two ways:

• Use the In Your Area search tool to find Centers of Excellence and specialists in your region by entering your ZIP code.

• View the full list of Centers of Excellence through the Global Care Network page.

The Parkinson's Foundation offers a variety of free educational materials for people with Parkinson's, care partners and families.

• PD Library: Explore books, podcast episodes, fact sheets, videos and more, all searchable by topic. Printed materials can also be requested and delivered to your door.

• Expert Briefing Webinars: Free webinars covering a wide range of topics including coping strategies for movement and non-movement symptoms, caregiving, treatments and research updates.

• PD Health @ Home: Weekly online programs including expert-led webinars, fitness videos and mindfulness sessions.

• Blogs: Articles covering the latest in PD research, tips for daily living and community stories.

Since 1957, the Parkinson's Foundation has invested more than $510 million in Parkinson's disease research and care. The Foundation funds research through these priority programs dedicated to finding the cause, and ultimately, a cure for PD:

• Grants and Fellowship Awards: Our research grants fund promising, innovative scientists around the world who work toward the breakthroughs that can lead to better treatments.

• Parkinson's Virtual Biotech: Together with Parkinson's UK, we are funding the development of new therapies aimed to treat, and ultimately cure, Parkinson's. Through this initiative we aim to deliver the next Parkinson's treatment in years, not decades.

• PD GENEration: Powered by the Parkinson's Foundation: Our global initiative is the first-of-its-kind that offers genetic testing and counseling for PD-related genes at no cost to help participants better understand their results.

• Centers of Excellence: We designate top academic medical centers dedicated to combining Parkinson's care with groundbreaking research. Through this program, we are raising the standard of care for everyone with Parkinson's.

There are several ways to get involved in Parkinson's disease research:

• Join A Study: Explore current opportunities including clinical trials, the PD GENEration genetic study and surveys that advance real-world understanding of Parkinson's.

• Become a Research Advocate: Partner alongside scientists, industry and government on critical PD research studies.

• PD GENEration: Enroll in this genetic testing and counseling study for people with a confirmed Parkinson's diagnosis.

PD GENEration: Powered by the Parkinson’s Foundation is an international research study that provides genetic testing and genetic counseling at no cost for people diagnosed with Parkinson's disease. People can enroll, complete an at-home kit, or in-person at a participating PD GENEration clinical site. Unlike traditional research studies, participants not only contribute to scientific advancement but also receive something back — their test results.

By joining the study, participants can discover new knowledge about their genetic makeup, understand their family's risks and help benefit generations to come. Through PD GENEration, the Parkinson's Foundation aims to uncover biological pathways that cause Parkinson's, eventually leading to improved treatments and care. Genetic testing can also help people with PD and their care team identify whether they may qualify for enrollment in certain clinical trials.

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PD GENEration is open to anyone with a confirmed diagnosis of Parkinson's disease. People can participate online from home or in-person at a participating clinical site.

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Yes. PD GENEration provides genetic testing and counseling, in English or Spanish, at no cost to people with a confirmed Parkinson’s diagnosis.

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PD GENEration participants can discover their connection to Parkinson’s disease while helping map the future of tomorrow's breakthroughs.

Benefits of participating include:

• Improve management of your disease

• Learn about your family's risk for Parkinson's

• Increase understanding of the biology behind the disease

• Accelerate clinical trial enrollment

• Contribute to improved care and treatment for you and future generations

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There are many ways to volunteer with the Parkinson's Foundation, from community events and fundraising to advocacy and educational programs. Volunteer opportunities are flexible, including in-person, virtual, group or event-specific roles. People living with Parkinson's, family members and care partners are all welcome.

Fill out the volunteer interest form to get started and the team will reach out to learn more about your skills and interests.

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There are many ways to raise funds for the Parkinson's Foundation. Whether you run a 5K, host a livestream or donate your birthday, your fundraising builds awareness and raises the funds we need to advance our mission.

• DIY Event — From a backyard BBQ, an off-roading adventure or a local 5K, use our fundraising page to share your event details and collect donations.

• Run for PD — Ready to challenge yourself mentally and physically while raising funds? Join one of our marathon teams, a mud run or run a race of your choice.

• Stream for PD — Are you into gaming? Whether it's Animal Crossing, Fortnite or League of Legends, fundraise with your game of choice as you stream and make a difference for the PD community.

• Celebrate a Loved One — Start a tribute page in honor of a loved one living with Parkinson's or create a memorial fundraiser to remember a loved one.

• Start a Community Walk — Recruit your community members and friends to host a walk in your hometown.

• Facebook Fundraiser — Start a fundraiser in honor of your birthday or as a tribute to a loved one and share it with friends.

Learn more.

The Parkinson's Foundation offers a variety of in-person and virtual events throughout the year, including fundraising events, educational programs and wellness activities.

• Moving Day: Our signature annual fundraising walk, held in cities across the country, uniting people living with Parkinson's, care partners and loved ones to move for Parkinson’s disease.

• Parkinson's Revolution: A high-energy indoor cycling ride that combines passion, determination and community, available in-person at events across the country or virtually.

• Parkinson's Champions: Join a marathon team, a mud run or run a race of your choice while raising funds and awareness for the Parkinson's Foundation.

• Expert Briefing Webinars: Free webinars offering first-hand access to the latest Parkinson's research and updates from experts in the field.

• PD Health @ Home: Weekly virtual wellness programs including mindfulness sessions, expert-led webinars and Parkinson's-specific fitness classes.

Browse all upcoming events at parkinson.org/events.

Moving Day, A Walk for Parkinson's, is not just a fundraising walk. It's a passionate community united in honoring loved ones with Parkinson's, raising awareness about Parkinson's disease and embracing the power of exercise — proven to help manage Parkinson's symptoms.

Your participation in Moving Day isn't just about supporting the life-changing work of the Parkinson's Foundation; it is about offering hope to everyone affected by this disease. This volunteer-led experience offers a unique opportunity to connect with others on similar journeys, discover invaluable resources and foster meaningful connections.

Moving Day is held in cities across the country, with participants of all ages and abilities welcome to join individually or as a team. For those without a nearby event, Moving Day @ Home is a virtual walk experience that allows supporters to participate from anywhere in the country.

To find an event near you or register, visit MovingDayWalk.org/events.

Your company can partner with the Parkinson's Foundation as a National Partner, with involvement customized to help achieve your company's goals while helping make life better for people with Parkinson's disease. Ways to get involved include:

• Sponsor a Signature Event: Sponsor Moving Day, A Walk for Parkinson's or Parkinson's Revolution, signature events that each take place in more than 30 cities.

• Engage Your Employees: Encourage employees to form a company team to participate in Moving Day or Parkinson's Revolution, or challenge them to match your company's sponsorship.

• Sponsor Scientific Conferences

• Co-brand Webinars, Podcasts and Educational Resources: Reach more than 100,000 individuals each year.

• Sponsor and Attend In-person Educational Events

• Feature a Cause Marketing Campaign: Invite customers to support your commitment to finding a cure through a percentage of sale or donations at checkout.

• Explore Local Board and Volunteer Opportunities

• Sponsor Continuing Educational Opportunities for Healthcare Professionals

• Become a Member of Our Industry Consortium

Learn more.

A Parkinson's Foundation Ambassador is a volunteer who raises awareness about Parkinson's disease and the Foundation's work in their local community. Ambassadors identify opportunities to engage in community outreach and represent the Parkinson's Foundation at local events and community groups.

To become an Ambassador, complete the volunteer interest form.

Learn more.

There are many opportunities for people with Parkinson's disease and the people who care about them to engage in advocacy. Policymakers need to hear your stories and experiences as they are considering policy changes, and the Parkinson's Foundation is working to help people engage with policymakers year-round.

Two ways to take action today:

• We are expanding our platform to share timely action items and help support advocates who want to do that work and make their voices heard. Sign up for advocacy email updates.

• Visit our Advocacy Center to contact your representatives and ask them to support Parkinson’s policy priorities. 

You can also advocate for the Parkinson's community through research. Parkinson's Foundation Research Advocates are people with PD and care partners who partner with scientists, industry and government to help make Parkinson's research more efficient and effective.

Learn more.

You can make a one-time or monthly donation to the Parkinson's Foundation online. Your donation will be used to improve the lives of people living with Parkinson's, conduct groundbreaking research, train medical professionals and provide more resources and information to the Parkinson's community.

Donate now.

Yes. When you give a memorial or tribute gift to honor someone special, you're expressing your love, admiration, and gratitude in one of the most meaningful ways there is. Your gift will honor your loved one, create a lasting tribute, and help make expert care accessible for everyone in the Parkinson's community.

When making a donation online, select "This gift is in honor or memory of someone," enter the honoree's name and choose whether to send a personalized eCard or print card.

Make a tribute gift.

Your generosity helps us improve Parkinson's care and propels us towards a cure. Donors make a lasting difference for the Parkinson's community, helping us advance PD research, provide life-saving resources and improve access to care.

Your gift supports:

• Advancing Research: The Parkinson's Foundation research strategy aims to close the gaps in knowledge about Parkinson's — from its basic biology to its impact on the brain and its effects on people. We work to accelerate our findings, quickly applying them to improved treatments and care today.

• Improving Outcomes Through Care: We work to improve the standard of care for everyone with Parkinson's. When people with Parkinson's receive care that puts them first and engages their care partners, they can better manage their symptoms and experience a higher quality of life.

• Educating & Empowering: All people living with Parkinson's, their care partners and loved ones need access to information and resources. Our community grants provide essential local programs while our interactive virtual events bring our community together.

Learn more.

The Parkinson’s Foundation focuses on improving quality of life for people living with Parkinson’s while advancing research toward a cure.

Yes. The Parkinson's Foundation is a registered 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization, and donations are tax-deductible to the extent permitted by law. Please consult a tax advisor for personal guidance.

Yes. When making a donation online, you can choose to give monthly by selecting the "Monthly" option. Monthly donors are vital advocates because we know we can rely on their ongoing support. A monthly gift helps fight Parkinson's disease all year long.

Donate now.

There are many ways to support the Parkinson's Foundation. Explore these giving options to help you maximize your impact to the Parkinson's community today:

• Donate online: Make a one-time or monthly gift online.

• Tribute gift: Donate in honor or memory of someone special.

• Fundraise: Create your own fundraiser, join Moving Day, Parkinson's Revolution or become a Parkinson's Champion.

• Donor Advised Funds: Make a larger impact and support the Parkinson's community through this tax-efficient giving option.

• IRA Charitable Rollovers: Make a Qualified Charitable Donation (QCD) directly from your IRA to help save on taxes and further our mission.

• Stock and Other Securities: Donating a charitable gift of stock or mutual fund shares helps further PD research and allows you to receive a tax deduction.

• Bequests: Create your will and other estate planning documents through Giving Docs and include the Parkinson’s Foundation in your plans.

• Beneficiary Designations: Specify the Parkinson's Foundation as a charity to support and percentage of assets they should receive.

• Legacy Society: When you make a planned gift to the Parkinson's Foundation you will join a special group of donors who are passionate about making life better for people with Parkinson's.

• Employer Matching Gifts: Many employers match charitable contributions made by employees — make a matching gift and make double the impact!

• Gift of Real Estate: Donating appreciated real estate can make a big impact in the fight against Parkinson's.

• Donate a Vehicle: Whether your vehicle runs or not, it can be a valuable donation. We can take cars, motorcycles, RVs, boats, airplanes — even farm equipment!

• Donate Gold Jewelry and Sterling Silver: Turn your unwanted gold and sterling silver into a gift to the Parkinson's Foundation.

Learn more.

For help with donations, receipts, refunds, recurring gifts, tribute or memorial gifts, or updating your information, please contact our Donor Relations team:

• Call: 1-800-473-4636 (option 2)

• Email: DonorRelations@Parkinson.org

Our Donor Relations team can also assist with:

• Donation receipts or tax statements

• Refund requests

• Monthly gift updates or cancellations

• Tribute or memorial gift support

• Updating your contact information

• Mailing list preferences or duplicate mailings

• Requests for a list of donors who gave in memory or in honor of a loved one

• Making a donation over the phone

You can also manage updates, such as your contact information or recurring gift, through the Supporter Center here.

If you are receiving duplicate mailings or would like to be removed from our mailing or email lists, please contact our Donor Relations team:

• Call: 1-800-473-4636 (option 2)

• Email: DonorRelations@Parkinson.org

Duplicate records can occur if donations were made using different email or mailing addresses. Our team can help update your preferences and ensure you only receive the communications you want.

Please note: It may take up to 6–8 weeks for mailing list updates to take effect, as lists are prepared in advance. Email updates are processed immediately.

You can edit or cancel your recurring gift through the Supporter Center. A tutorial on how to use the Supporter Center can be found here.

You may also contact our Donor Relations team at 1-800-473-4636 (option 2) or email DonorRelations@Parkinson.org for assistance.

Online donors should receive an email receipt from Info@Parkinson.org. Please check your junk or spam folder.

You can print a copy of your receipt or annual giving statement through the Supporter Center. Watch a tutorial on how to use the Supporter Center. You can also reach out to our Donor Relations team at 1-800-473-4636 (option 2) or email DonorRelations@Parkinson.org to request a copy of your receipt.

All donations should be mailed to:

Parkinson’s Foundation
Attn: Donor Relations
5757 Waterford District Drive, Suite 310
Miami, FL 33126

Please enclose this donation form with your gift to help us gather additional information.

To donate via wire transfer or ACH, please email DonorRelations@Parkinson.org to request banking details.

To donate stock, complete the stock transfer form to receive instructions by email upon submission.

Visit our Moving Day and Revolution websites and search for the event you would like to donate toward. Then search for the participant or team.

To fastest way to donate to a chapter is through the chapter’s specific website:

Heartland Chapter

Midwest Chapter

Florida Chapter

New York Chapter

New Jersey Pennsylvania Chapter

Minnesota Dakotas Chapter

California Chapter

Gulf Coast Chapter

Carolinas Chapter

Great Lakes Chapter

Pacific Northwest Chapter

New England Chapter

Mid-Atlantic Chapter

Georgia Chapter

Tennessee Kentucky Chapter

Rocky Mountain Chapter

South Central Chapter

If you prefer to donate by mail, please send your donation to the national office and specify the chapter:

Parkinson’s Foundation
Attn: Donor Relations / [Chapter Name]
5757 Waterford District Drive, Suite 310
Miami, FL 33126

If you prefer to make a donation over the phone, you can contact our Donor Relations team:

• Call: 1-800-473-4636 (option 2)

• Email: DonorRelations@Parkinson.org

You can create a Tribute page online in honor of your loved one. This will allow you to send emails to your friends and family, as well as electronically track donations made in their honor.

If you prefer to track donations made in honor of someone offline, you can request to receive notifications by contacting our Donor Relations team at 1-800-473-4636 (option 2) or email DonorRelations@Parkinson.org.

• Our EIN number is 13-1866796

• Our DUNS number is 029151404

You can view the most recent Annual Report with audited financials on our website: Parkinson.org/FinancialReports.

For a printed copy, call 1-800-473-4636 (option 2) or email DonorRelations@Parkinson.org.

Refund requests must be submitted directly to Facebook on their Donation Solutions page. You must be logged into your Facebook account.

1. Fill out the help submission form and submit your claim as the donor.

2. The response may take from 1-2 business days.

3. You can follow up on your request here.

Cash donations should be converted into a money order or check. Include a letter with the donor details — names, addresses, and gift amounts — so acknowledgments and tax receipts can be issued.

Please contact our Helpline at 1-800-473-4636 (option 1), or email Helpline@Parkinson.org.

Please contact:

Kathryn Sheppard, MBA
Associate Vice President, Individual Giving
Email: KSheppard@Parkinson.org
Phone: 346-677-4834